STATE  OF  ILLINOIS 
DEPARTMENT  OF  REGISTRATION  AND  EDUCATION 

DIVISION  OF  THE 
STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 

FRANK  W.  DeWOLF.  Chief 
Cooperative  Mining  Series 

BULLETIN  23 


MINES  PRODUCING  LOW-SULPHUR  GOAL 
IN  THE  GENTRAL  DISTRICT 


BY 
GILBERT  H.  CADY 


ILLINOIS    MINING    INVESTIGATIONS 

Prepared  under  a  cooperative  agreement  between  the  Illinois  State  Geological  Survey 

Division,  the  Engineering  Experiment  Station  of  the  University  of  Illinois, 

and  the  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Mines 


•KINTKI)    HY    Al  '!  HOKI'I  V    OK   T I  IK    STATIC    OF    ILLINOIS 


URBANA,    ILLINOIS 
1919 


ILLINOIS  MINING  INVESTIGATIONS 
Cooperative    Agreement 
GAS    SECTION 


Lit 


The  difficulty,  due  to  war  conditions,  of  obtaining  adequate  and 
reliable  delivery  of  eastern  gas-coal  and  of  coke  has  suggested  the 
wider  use  in  gas  manufacture  of  low-sulphur  coal  mined  in  the  central 
district,  comprising  Illinois,  Indiana,  and  western  Kentucky. 

The  needs  of  the  gas  industry,  and  the  desire  of  the  U.  S.  Fuel 
Administration  to  meet  those  needs,  has  led  to  the  appointment  by 
Governor  Frank  O.  Lowden ,  of  a  Technical  Committee  on  Gas, 
By-products,  and  Public  Utilities,  to  act  in  an  advisory  relation.  The 
committee  includes  representatives  of  the  Illinois  Gas  Association,  the 
U.  S.  Bureau  of  Mines,  the  Engineering  Experiment  Station  of  the 
University  of  Illinois,  and  the  State  Geological  Survey  Division  of 
the  Department  of  Registration  and  Education,  State  of  Illinois. 

Previously,  some  studies  of  the  use  of  Illinois  coal  in  retort-gas 
manufacture  and  in  by-product  coke-ovens,  and  of  the  chemical  and 
physical  properties  of  Illinois  coal,  have  been  conducted  under  the 
Illinois  Mining  Investigations,  cooperative  agreement — a  joint  agency 
of  the  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Mines,  the  University  of  Illinois,  and  the 
State  Geological  Survey  Division.  The  continuation  and  expansion  of 
this  work  has  been  recommended  by  the  Technical  Committee  and 
the  Fuel  Administration.  In  response  a  Gas  Section  has  been  created, 
and  experienced  gas  engineers,  chemists,  and  other  specialists  have 
undertaken  a  program  of  experiment  on  a  commercial  scale  to  extend 
the  use  of  central  district  coal  in  water-gas  generators  and  in  gas 
retorts. 

The  results  of  the  investigations  will  be  published,  and,  in  addi- 
tion, the  operators  of  gas  plants  in  the  region  naturally  tributary  to 
central  district  coal  will  be  advised  by  the  Technical  Committee,  of 
time  to  time,  and  will  be  urged  to  witness  and  par- 
ts and  to  introduce  in  their  own  plants  new  or 
>  which  will  lessen  the  burden  on  the  railroads, 
es  and  the  coke  ovens  to  meet  the  unprecedented 
e  war. 


of 


; 


IP 


VEY 


suggestions  regarding  the  gas  experiments  should 
as  Section,  Room  305,  Ceramics  Building,  Urbana, 


ILLINOIS  STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 


3  3051  00006  4034 


STATE  OF  ILLINOIS 
DEPARTMENT  OF  REGISTRATION  AND  EDUCATION 

DIVISION  OF  THE 
STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 

FRANK  W.  DeWOLF.  Chief' 
Cooperative  Mining   Series 

BULLETIN  23 


MINES  PRODUCING   LOW-SULPHUR  GOAL 
IN  THE  CENTRAL   DISTRICT 


BY 
GILBERT  H.  GADY 


ILLINOIS    MINING    INVESTIGATIONS 

Prepared  under  a  cooperative  agreement  between  the   Illinois  State  Geological  Survey 

Division,  the  Engineering  Experiment  Station  of  the  University  of  Illinois, 

and  the  U.  S.   Bureau  of  Mines 


PRINTED  MY    AUTHORITY   OF  THE  STATE  <>K   ILLINOIS 


URBANA,    ILLINOIS 
1919 


STATE  OF  ILLINOIS 
DEPARTMENT  OF  REGISTRATION  AND  EDUCATION 

DIVISION  OF  THE 

STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY 

FRANK  W.   DeWOLF,   Chief 


Committee  of  the  Board  of   Natural  Resources 
and  Conservation 

Francis  W.  Shepardson,  Chairman 
Director  of  Registration  and  Education 

David  Kinley 
Representing  the  President  of  the  University  of  Illinois 

Thomas  C.  Chamberlin 
Geologist 


Schnepp  &  Barnes,  State  Printers 

Springfield,  III. 

1919 

14899 — 2M 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 

Low-sulpliur  coal  in  city-gas  manufacture 5 

Low-sulphur  coal  in  Illinois,  Indiana,  and  western  Kentucky 7 


TABLES 


1.  Analyses  of  eastern  gas  coals  and  low-sulphur  coals  from    Illinois, 

Indiana,  and  western  Kentucky 6 

2.  Sulphur    content    of    several    Illinois    coals,    as    determined     by 

analyses  of  face  and  of  car  samples. 7 

3.  List  of  mines  in  Illinois,  Indiana,  and  western  Kentucky,  probably 

capable  of  producing  coal  with  less  than  1.25  per  cent  sulphur        10 

4.  Source  of  the  analytical  data  concerning  the   sulphur   content    of 

central  district  coals 12 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2012  with  funding  from 

University  of  Illinois  Urbana-Champaign 


http://archive.org/details/minesproducinglo23cady 


MINES   PRODUCING   LOW-SULPHUR   COAL 
IN  THE   CENTRAL    DISTRICT 

Bv   Gilbert   H.  Gady 


LOW-SULPHUR  COAL  IN   CITY-GAS   MANUFACTURE 

The  sulphur  content  of  a  coal  is  a  conditioning  factor  that  has  an 
important  bearing  on  its  use  in  the  manufacture  of  water-gas  and 
retort  coal-gas.  This  is  especially  true  in  the  case  of  coals  from  Illi- 
nois, Indiana,  and  western  Kentucky,  as  most  of  the  coals  from  these 
three  fields  have  a  sulphur  content  that  renders  them  unsuitable  for 
gas  manufacture  with  the  purifying  facilities  now  installed.  In  fact, 
certain  gas  manufacturers  are  inclined  to  the  opinion  that  none  of  the 
coals  from  these  fields  has  a  sufficiently  low  sulphur  content  to  make 
it  suitable  for  the  manufacture  of  city  gas.  However,  it  has  been 
pointed  out  in  two  earlier  bulletins  of  this  series  l  that  some  of  these 
coals  have  been  giving  satisfactory  results  in  the  manufacture  both 
of  retort  coal-gas  and  of  water-gas  in  operating  plants.  Furthermore, 
later  experimental  use  of  several  of  the  low-sulphur  central  district 
coals  under  the  direction  of  Air.  Odell  and  Mr.  Dunkley  has  also 
demonstrated  the  practical  possibility  of  their  substitution  for  coke 
in  the  manufacture  of  water-gas.  Some  of  the  results  of  these  exneri- 
ments  will  soon  be  placed  before  the  public. 

Between  some  of  the  Illinois.  Indiana,  and  western  Kentucky  coals 
and  the  eastern  gas  coals  there  is  actually  very  little  di (Terence  in 
sulphur  content.  Inspection  of  the  analyses  given  in  the  following 
table  will  show  that  this  is  the  case. 


1  Dunkley,  W.  A.,  and  Odoll,  W.  W.,  The  manufacture  <>f  retort  coal-gas  In 
the  central  states  using  low-sulphur  coal  from  Illinois,  Indiana,  and  western 
Kentucky:  Illinois  Mining  Investigations   Bull.  21,   1918 

Odell,  W.  W.,  and  Dunkley,  W.  A.,  Water-gas  manufacture  with  central  dis- 
trict bituminous  coals  as  generator  fuel:    Illinois  Mining  Investigations  Bull.  22, 


a.  > 


MINES    PRODUCING 

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MTNES    PRODUCING    LOW-SULPHUR    COAL  I 

LOW-SULPHUR    COAL    IN    ILLINOIS,    INDIANA,    AND 
WESTERN  KENTUCKY 

In  view  of  the  probability  that  gas  manufacturers  in  the  central 
district  may  desire  to  make  experimental  runs  with  coal  from  this 
district,  especially  as  the  results  of  the  present  investigations  are 
announced  from  time  to  time,  it  is  thought  desirable  to  present  a  list 
of  mines  from  which  coal  having  less  than  1.25  per  cent  of  sulphur 
may  be  obtained.  The  list  as  prepared  indicates  sources  of  low- 
sulphur  coal  which  probably  can  be  used  either  in  generators  or  in 
retorts.  It  should  be  borne  in  mind,  however,  that  the  amount  of 
sulphur  liberated  from  the  coal  is  different  under  the  two  operations. 
Much  is  yet  to  be  learned  in  regard  to  the  behavior  of  the  different 
varieties  of  sulphur  in  coal  under  the  influence  of  heat  and  under 
working  conditions  both  in  the  water-gas  and  in  the  retort-gas  plant. 
It  is  believed,  however,  that  many  plants  can  take  care  of  sulphur 
produced  by  central  district  coals  having  a  sulphur  content  of  less  than 
1.25  per  cent. 

The  list  is  presented  with  some  reservations.  In  the  first  place 
the'  determination  of  the  sulphur  content  is  based  largely  upon  the 
analysis  of  face  samples.  In  taking  such  samples,  the  sampler,  as  is 
generally  known,  rejects  all  impurities  more  than  l/\  to  y%  inch  in 
thickness,  and  care  is  taken  that  fragments  of  the  roof,  floor,  or  clay 
bands  are  not  included  in  the  sample.  Accordingly  a  face  sample 
commonly  shows  better  coal  than  is  usually  mined  from  the  same  face. 
However,  comparisons  of  analyses  of  face  and  car  samples  from  Illi- 
nois mines  in  the  low-sulphur  district  show  very  little  difference,  and 
not  always  to  the  advantage  of  the  face  sample.  So  that  while  it  is 
well  to  point  out  the  nature  of  the  evidence,  apparently  no  great 
allowance  needs  to  be  made  for  the  fact  that  the  data  are  largely 
based  upon  the  analyses  of  face  samples. 

The  following  table  gives  the  data  in  regard  to  the  comparative 
value  for  sulphur  content,  as  based  upon  the  analyses  of  face  and  car 
samples  of  several  Illinois  coals. 

Table  2. — Sulphur  content  of  several  Illinois  coals,  as  determined  by  analyses 
of  face  and  of  car  samples 

Per  cent  of  sulphur 

Face  sample  Car  sample  ' 

0.62  0.59 

1.13  1.23 

0.83  1.14 

0.77  (i.m 

1.07  1.06 

1.03  1.45 

0.85  0.S9 

Average      0.90  1.03 


Coal  of  various  sizes. 


8  MINES    PRODUCING    LOW-SULPHUB    COAL 

A  second  conditioning  factor  affecting  the  value  of  the  list  exists 
in  the  fact  that  the  sulphur  values  upon  which  the  list  is  based 
include  all  sulphur  present  and  do  not  distinguish  between  the  different 
varieties  of  sulphur  known  to  exist  in  coal.  It  has  been  shown  that 
sulphur  exists  in  coal  in  three  forms :  as  sulphur  in  combination  with 
iron,  that  is,  as  iron  pyrite ;.  as  sulphate  sulphur,  or  gypsum ;  and  as 
organic  sulphur  in  at  least  two  forms.  It  has  not  been  demonstrated 
to  what  extent  each  of  these  forms  of  sulphur  contributes  to  the  total 
sulphur  content  of  the  gas  made  in  a  gas  retort  or  in  a  generator.  It 
seems  probable,  however,  that  the  sulphur  occurring  as  sulphate  is 
retained  in  the  ash  and  coke  in  retort  coal  gas  operation,  so  that  it 
becomes  of  importance  to  know  how  much  of  the  sulphur  in  the  coal 
is  in  the  form  of  a  sulphate.  Unfortunately  these  data  are  not  avail- 
able. Consequently,  it  is  possible  that  the  yield  of  sulphur  in  gas 
from  the  coals  listed  may  not  be  in  simple  relation  to  the  total  amount 
of  sulphur  present  as  determined  by  analysis  of  the  coal. 

A  third  reservation  to  be  considered  is  the  incompleteness  of  the 
data.  It  is  probable  that  not  all  the  mines  producing  low-sulphur  coal 
within  the  limit  assigned  are  included  in  the  list.  This  is  especially 
true  for  Indiana  and  Kentucky.  In  the  case  of  Illinois  it  is  believed 
that  the  mines  producing  low-sulphur  coal  have  all  been  listed  with 
six  possible  exceptions,  not  including  new  mines  not  yet  in  operation 
at  Valier,  West  Frankfort,  Zeigler,  and  Dowell.  Of  these  six  excep- 
tions, only  one,  Mine  "B"  of  the  Chicago,  Wilmington  and  Franklin 
Coal  Company,  lies  well  within  the  area  where  the  low-sulphur  coal 
is  found.  It  is  very  probable  that  the  coal  supplied  by  this  mine  is  also 
low-sulphur  coal.  The  other  five  mines  lie  near  the  border  of  the 
area  of  low-sulphur  coal,  and  it  is  not  safe  to  predict  whether  they 
properly  belong  within  or  without  the  area.  The  most  promising 
area  of  low-sulphur  coal  in  Illinois  includes  parts  of  Franklin,  Wil- 
liamson, Jackson,  and  Perry  counties,  and  is  rather  definitely  outlined 
because  the  sulphur  content  shows  a  remarkable  increase  across  a  very 
narrow  boundary,  so  that  certain  mines  can  be  placed  very  definitely 
within  the  area  of  low-sulphur  coal,  and  closely  adjacent  mines  are  as 
definitely  without  the  area.  Accordingly,  it  is  not  safe  to  judge  the 
character  of  the  coal  from  a  mine  lying  near  the  boundary  merely 
from  the  location  of  the  mine.  Although  uncertainty  exists  as  to  the 
quality  of  the  coal  from  these  five  mines,  it  is  thought  wise  to  list 
these  mines  as  possible  sources  of  low-sulphur  coal,  with  the  under- 
standing that  analytical  information  in  regard  to  the  sulphur  content 
is  not  available. 


MINES    PRODUCING    LOW-SULPHUB    COAL  y 

List  of  mines  lying  near  the  boundary  of  the  area  of  low-sulphur  coal,  which 

are  possible  sources  of  low-sulphur  coal,  but  for  which  no 

analytical  data  are  available 

Address 

Operator's  name  and  address  Mine  of  mine 

Franklin  Coal  &  Coke  Co Mine  No.   2    (South) Royalton 

332  S.  Michigan  Ave.,  Chicago. 
Johnston  City  Coal  Co Mine  No.   2 Johnston  City 

116  S.  Michigan  Ave.,  Chicago. 
Ernest  Coal  Co Ernest    Johnston  City 

Johnston  Citv,  111. 
T.  G.  Warden  Coal  Co Mine  No.  1 Herrin 

Fisher  Bldg.,  Chicago. 
Taylor  Coal  Co Energv  No.   2 Herrin 

Old  Colonv  Bldg.,  Chicago. 
Taylor  Coal  Co Energy  No.   1 Herrin 

Old  Colony  Bldg.,  Chicago. 
Modern  Coal  Co Mine  No.  1 Sesser- 

Old  Colony  Bldg.,  Chicago. 

Finally,  it  has  been  thought  advisable  to  present  the  information 
without  giving  the  actual  averages  for  the  sulphur  content  from  indi- 
vidual mines  and  without  thereby  assuming  to  grade  the  coals.  A 
considerable  number  of  the  analyses  were  made  from  samples  col- 
lected by  the  Bureau  of  Mines.  Some  of  these  data  have  been  pub- 
lished previously,  and  a  separate  list  is  included  herewith,  indicating 
the  exact  sources  of  the  information.  Other  analyses  were  made  for 
the  State  Geological  Survey,  and  because  it  would  be  contrary  to  the 
policy  of  the  State  Survey  to  reveal  detailed  analyses  or  averages 
from  individual  mines,  it  has  been  necessary  to  supply  the  list  without 
the  detailed  analytical  data  which  might  make  it  considerably  more 
useful.  However,  all  the  mines  listed  furnish  coal  the  analyses  of 
which,  based  upon  two  to  fifteen  face  or  car  samples,  show  an  average 
sulphur  content  less  than  1.25  per  cent.  The  range  in  the  average 
sulphur  content  of  the  different  coals  is  from  0.62  to  1.14  per  cent; 
the  range  in  sulphur  content  of  the  individual  analyses  is  from  0.51  to 
2.11  per  cent.  Information  in  regard  to  the  analysis  of  coal  sampled  at 
individual  mines  for  the  State  Survey,  has  been  furnished  to  the 
operator  of  each  mine  previously  and  it  can  be  obtained  from  the 
Survey,  provided  the  request  is  accompanied  by  the  written  consent  of 
the  operators  concerned. 

In  presenting  the  following  list,  the  Survey  does  not  guarantee 
that  the  coals  furnished  by  the  mines  listed  will  in  all  cases  prove 
acceptable.  Other  factors  bearing  on  the  manufacture  of  gas  affect 
the  acceptability  of  a  coal  to  nearly  as  great  a  degree  as  the  sulphur 
content.  The  present  investigations  have  not  been  carried  sufficiently 
far  for  an  adequate  understanding  of  all  the  other  factors,  so  that 
they  do  not  enter  into  consideration  in  the  preparation  of  the  present 
list.  The  list  is  presented  with  the  expectation  that  it  will  be  of  assist- 
ance to  gas  manufacturers  in  the  selection  of  those  coals  which, 
because  of  their  low-sulphur  content,  have  at  least  that  much  in  their 
favor  as  gas  coal,  or  as  a  substitute  for  coke  in  water-gas  manufacture. 


10  MINES    PRODUCING    LOW-SULPHUE    COAL 

Table  3. — List  of  mines  in  Illinois,  Indiana,  and  western  Kentucky, 


Operator  and  main  office 

Mine 

Address 
of  mine 

County 

Illinois 

Bell  &  Zoller  Mining  Co 

343  S.  Dearborn  St.,  Chicago. 
Big  Muddy  Coal  &  Iron  Co 

Wainwright  Bldg.,  St.  Louis. 

•By-Products  Coke  Corporation .  . 
332  S.  Michigan  Ave.,  Chicago. 
Chicago,  Wilmington  &  Franklin 
Coal  Co 

Zeigler  No.  1 

No.  7 
No.  9 

No.  19 

Orient 
"A" 

Majestic 

North  No.  1 

No.  2 

No.  3 

No.  9 

No.  8 
No.  10 
No.  11 
No.  12 

No.  14 

Paradise 

Pond  Creek 

No.  2 

Sesser 

No.  5  (Pos- 
sum Ridge) 

West  No.  1 

Calora  No.  1 

Clinton  No.  4 

Black  Creek 

GilmourNo.  7 

No.  10 

Vandalia 

No.   28 
Ayrdale 

No.  7 

Zeigler 

Herrin 
Murphysboro 

West  Frankfort 

Orient 
Duquoin 

Herrin 

Royalton 

Murphysboro 

Carterville 

Dewmaine 

West  Frankfort 

Christopher 

Christopher 

Christopher 

Buckner 

Duquoin 

Herrin 

Herrin 

Sesser 
Herrin 

West  Frankfort 

Jasonville 

Clinton 

Linton 

Jasonville 
Dugger 

Cass 
Dugger 

Clay 

Franklin 

Williamson 
Jackson 

Franklin 
Franklin 

McCormick  Bldg.,  Chicago. 

Equitable  Coal  &  Coke  Co 

Duquoin,  111. 
Franklin  Coal  &  Coke  Co 

332  S.  Michigan  Ave.,  Chicago. 
Gus  Blair  Big  Muddy  Coal  Co.  . 

1003Boatmens  Bank  Bldg.,  St. 

Louis. 
Hafer  Washed  Coal  Co ...  . 

Williamson 

Perry 

Franklin 

Jackson 

Williamson 

332  S.  Michigan  Ave.,  Chicago. 
Madison  Coal  Corporation 

1114    Karpen    Bldg.,    Chicago. 
Old  Ben  Coal  Corporation 

McCormick  Bldg.,  Chicago. 

Paradise  Coal  Co 

Williamson 

Franklin 
Franklin 
Franklin 
Franklin 
Franklin 

Perry 

Duquoin,  111. 
Pond  Creek  Coal  Co 

Williamson 

Herrin,  111. 
W.  P.  Rend  Coal  &  Coke  Co 

McCormick  Bldg.,  Chicago. 
Sesser  Coal  Co 

Williamson 
Franklin 

Old  Colony  Bldg.,  Chicago. 
Taylor  Coal  Co 

Franklin 

Old  Colony  Bldg.,  Chicago. 

West  Frankfort  Coal  Co 

West  Frankfort,   111. 

Indiana 

Calora  Coal  Co 

Franklin 

Terre  Haute,  Ind. 
Clinton  Coal  Co 

Clinton,  Ind. 
United  Fourth  Vein  Coal  Co.  .  .  . 

Indianapolis,   Ind. 
Vandalia  Coal  Co 

Greene 

Terre  Haute,  Ind. 

Kentucky 

West  Kentucky  Coal  Co 

Sturgis,  Ky. 

Sullivan 

Sullivan 
Sullivan 

Webster 

1  From  statistics  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Annual  Coal  Report  of  Illinois    (1917), 
Department  of  Mines  and  Minerals. 


MINES    PRODUCING    LOW-SULPHTJB    COAL  11 

probably  capable  of  producing  coal  with  less  than  1.25  per  cent  sulphur 


Production 
1917  * 

Supplied 

to 

railroads  1 

Number  of  samples 
averaged 

Railroads 

Face 
samples 

Car 
samples 

Short  tons 

Per  cent 

C.  B.  &Q.;  I.  C;  Mo.  P. 

1,065,359 

1 

13 

11 

C.  B.  &Q.;  I.  C;  Mo.  P. 
I.  C;  Mo.  P. 

481,278 
246,465 

15 

0 

8 
5 

2 

I.  C;  C.  &E.  I. 

269,641 

0 

8 

C.  B.  &Q.;  I.  C;  C.  &  E.  I. 
C.  B.  &Q.;  I.  C;  Mo.  P. 

1,008,474 
522,373 

6 
17 

2 
3 

2 

i.e. 

599,540 

35 

6 

C.  B.  &Q.;  I.  C;  Mo.  P. 

555,505 

0 

9 

1 

Mo.  P. 

65,423 

0 

3 

I.  C.  ;  Mo.  P. 

223,721 

0 

3 

i.e. 

564,954 

97 

2 

C.  B.  &Q.;  I.  C;  C.  &E.  I. 

C.  B.  &  Q. 

C.  B.  &  Q. 

C.  B.  &  Q.  ;  I.  C. 

C.  B.  &  Q.  ;  I.  C. 

1,093,317 

656,261 
869,504 
641,427 
891,882 

12 
24 
17 
10 

7 

3 

S 
4 
8 
5 

I.  C. 

483,483 

15 

6 

C.  B.  &  Q.  ;  I.  C. 

226,882 

5 

4 

C.  B.  &Q.  ;  I.  C. 

702,304 

9 

v 

C.  B.  &  Q. 

509,324 

29 

2 

C.  B.  &Q.  ;  I.  C. 

267,177 

0 

4 

C.  B.  &Q.;  I.  C;  C.  &  E.  I. 

624,714 

9 

6 

1 

C.  T.  H.  &.  S.  E. 

170,000 

1 

C.  &E.  I. 

•       4 

C.  T.  H.  &.  S.  E. 

2 

1 

C.  T.  H.  &S.  E.;  C.  I.  &  L. 

Vandal  ia 

4 
9 

C.  T.  H.  &  S.  E.;  C.  I.  &  L. 
C.  T.  H.  &S.  E.;  C.  I.  &  L. 

3 

4 

L.  &N.  ;I.  C. 

414,790 

6  (1914) 
4  (1918) 

12 


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14  MIXES    PRODUCING    LOW-SULPHUR    COAL 

The  preceding  tabulation  shows  the  source  of  analytical  data  used 
in  preparing  the  list  of  mines  producing  low-sulphur  coal. 

In  addition  to  the  coals  above  listed,  there  are  a  few  others  which 
are  reported  to  be  used  by  some  gas  companies  of  this  region.  No 
analyses  of  these  coals  are  now  available,  but  the  indication,  from 
results  obtained  with  them,  is  that  they  come  within  the  sulphur  limits 
prescribed  in  Table  3.  Some  of  these  coals  have  been  used  mixed 
with  other  coals,  and  therefore  the  results  to  be  attributed  to  the  indi- 
vidual coals  are  uncertain.  Two  coals,  namely  fourth  vein  coal  from 
Clinton,  Indiana,  sold  by  the  J.  K.  Dering  Coal  Company,  McCormick 
Building,  Chicago,  and  the  Wheatcroft  coal,  mined  by  the  Western 
Kentucky  Coal  Company  of  Sturgis,  Kentucky,  have  been  used  alone 
and  apparently  with  success.  The  former  coal  is  used  successfully 
by  at  least  two  gas  companies  as  water-gas  generator  fuel,  while  the 
latter  has  been  used  by  at  least  two  Illinois  gas  companies  for  coal- 
gas  manufacture. 


PUBLICATIONS  OF 
ILLINOIS  MINING  INVESTIGATIONS. 


ILLINOIS  STATE  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY  DIVISION 
URDANA.  ILLINOIS 

Bulletin      1.     Preliminary  report  on  organization  and  method  of  investigations,  191S. 

Bulletin      S.     Chemical  study  of  Illinois  coals,  by  S.  W.  Parr,  1916. 

Bulletin    10.     Coal  resources  of  District  I  (Longwall),  by  G.  H.  Cady,  1915. 

Bulletin    11.     Coal  resources  of  District  VIT,  by  Fred  H.  Kay,  1915. 

Bulletin    14.     Coal  resources  of  District  VIII  (Danville),  by  Fred  H.  Kay  and  K.  D. 

White,  1915. 
Bulletin    15.     Coal  resources  of  District  VI,  by  G.  LI.  Cady,  1916. 
Bulletin    16.     Coal  resources  of  District  II  (Jackson  Co.),  by  G.  H.  Cady,  1917. 
Bulletin    17.     Surface  subsidence  in  Illinois  resulting  from  coal  mining,  by  Lewis  E. 

Young,  1916. 
Bulletin    18.     Tests   on   clay  materials   available   in   Illinois   coal  mines,  by  R.   T. 

Stull  and  R.  K.  Hursh,  1917. 
Bulletin     SO.     Carbonization  of  Illinois  coals  in  inclined  gas  retorts,  by  F.  K.  Ovite, 

1918. 
Bulletin     21.     The  manufacture  of  retort  coal-gas  in  the  central  states,  using  low- 
sulphur  coal  from  Illinois,  Indiana,  and  western  Kentucky,  by  W. 

A.  Dunkley,  and  W.  W.  Odell,  1918. 
Bulletin     SB.     Water-gas   manufacture   with    central   district    bituminous    coals   aa 

generator  fuel,  by  W.  W.  Odell  and  W.  A.  Dunkley,  1918. 
Bulletin     25.     Mines  producing  low-sulphur  coal  in  the  central  district,   by  O.  H. 

Cady,  1919. 


Bulletin 

o 

Bulletin 

4 

Bulletin 

5, 

Bulletin 

6 

Bulletin 

7, 

Bulletin 

8. 

Bulletin 

9, 

Bulletin 

12 

Bulletin 

1% 

Bulletin 

91. 

Bulletin  100, 

ENGINEERING  EXPERIMENT  STATION 
URBAN  A.  ILLINOIS 

Coal  mining  practice  in  District  VIII  (Danville),  by  S.  O.  Andros,  1913. 

Coal  mining  practice  in  District  VII,  by  S.  O.  Andros,  1914. 

Coal  mining  practice  in  District  I   (Longwall),  by  S.  O.  Andros,  1914. 

Coal  mining  practice  in  District  V,  by  S.  O.  Andros,  1914. 

Coal  mining  practice  in  District  IT,  by  S.  O.  Andros,  1914. 

Coal  mining  practice  in  District  VI,  by  S.  O.  Andros,  1914. 

Coal  mining  practice  in  District  III,  by  S.  O.  Andros,  1915. 

Coal  mining  practice  in  District  IV,  by  S.  O.  Andros,  1915. 

Coal  mining  in  Illinois,  by  S.  O.  Andros,  1915. 

all  the  district  reports. ) 
Subsidence  resulting  from  mining,  by  L.  E. 


(Complete  resume  of 
Young  and  H.  H.  Stoek, 


1916. 

Percentage  of  extraction  of  bituminous  coal  with  special  reference  to 
Illinois  conditions,  by  C.  M.  Young.  1917. 


U.  S.  BUREAU  OF  MINES 
WASHINGTON.  D,  C. 

Bulletin    72.     Occurrence  of  explosive  gases  in  coal  mines,  by  N.  H.  Darton,  1915. 

Bulletin    83.     The  humidity  of  mine  air,  by  R.  Y.  Williams,  1914. 

Bulletin    99.     Mine  ventilation  stoppings,  by  R.  Y.  Williams,  1915. 

Bulletin  102.     The  inflammability  of  Illinos  coal  dusts,  by  J.  K.  Clement  and  li.  A. 

Scholl,  Jr.,  lit  16. 
Bulletin  137.     Use  of  permissible  explosives  in  the  coal  mines  of  Illinois,  by  J.  R. 

Fleming  and  J.  W.  Koster,  1917. 
Bulletin    138.     Coking  of  Illinois  coals,  by  F.  K.  Ovitz,  1917. 
Technical  Paper  190.     Methane   accumulations   from    interrupted   ventilation,    with 

special  reference  to  coal  mines   in  Illinois  and  Indiana,   by  H.   I. 

Smith  and  Robert  J.  Hamon,  1918. 

1  Bulletins  listed  in  italics  apply  directly  to  the  problem  of  use  of  central  dis- 
trict bituminous  coals  in  place  of  eastern  coal  and  cola1. 


